Beaujolais, nestled in eastern France between Burgundy and Lyon, is a distinct wine region with a landscape shaped by its unique terroir. Understanding the map of Beaujolais is key to appreciating its diverse wines.
The region stretches approximately 55 kilometers (34 miles) from north to south and 15 kilometers (9 miles) east to west. It’s typically divided into three primary zones, each influencing the character of the Gamay grape, Beaujolais’s signature variety.
Beaujolais AOC: The southernmost and largest zone, representing over half of the total Beaujolais production. The soils here are primarily clay and sand, generally producing lighter-bodied, fruit-forward wines meant for early consumption. This area includes more flatlands compared to the north. Expect flavors of red berries like raspberry and strawberry, often with a slightly earthy note. Vineyards are more densely planted here. Villages in this zone include areas surrounding Villefranche-sur-Saône and Anse.
Beaujolais-Villages AOC: Occupying the central part of the region, this zone encompasses 38 designated villages known for producing wines of higher quality than the basic Beaujolais AOC. The soils are a mix of granite, schist, and clay, offering more complexity and structure. These wines often display a broader range of fruit flavors, including black cherry and cranberry, along with subtle floral nuances. Production is generally smaller compared to Beaujolais AOC. Some notable villages within this zone include Saint-Étienne-des-Oullières and Charentay.
The Crus of Beaujolais: The northernmost and arguably the most prestigious part of the region, home to the ten Crus. These areas are distinguished by their unique geological formations, primarily decomposed granite and schist, which contribute to wines with greater concentration, structure, and aging potential. Each Cru possesses its own distinct character:
- Saint-Amour: Known for its romantic name and delicate, floral wines.
- Juliénas: Offers peachy aromas and a smooth texture.
- Chénas: Often described as “a bouquet in a basket” with notes of peony and red fruit.
- Moulin-à-Vent: Called the “King of Beaujolais,” it produces structured wines that can age for several years, displaying aromas of Kirsch and violets.
- Fleurie: Elegant and fragrant, with floral aromas and a silky texture.
- Chiroubles: The lightest of the Crus, known for its delicate fruit and floral aromas.
- Morgon: Produces earthy, structured wines with notes of cherry and spice, known for its ability to “morgonner” (develop more savory characteristics with age).
- Régnié: The newest Cru, offering bright red fruit and crisp acidity.
- Côte de Brouilly: Vineyards planted on the slopes of Mont Brouilly, producing wines with mineral notes and a vibrant character.
- Brouilly: The largest Cru, surrounding Mont Brouilly, known for its earthy, fruity wines.
The hillsides of the Crus are generally steeper and more exposed than the flatter lands further south, influencing sun exposure and drainage. This contributes to the superior quality and aging potential of the Crus wines.
Understanding the map of Beaujolais allows you to appreciate the diverse styles produced across the region, from the light and fruity Beaujolais AOC to the complex and age-worthy Crus. Exploring the nuances of each zone is a rewarding journey for any wine lover.
