The Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness (BWCAW), a sprawling million-acre wilderness in northern Minnesota, demands respect and meticulous planning. Crucial to any BWCAW adventure is a detailed, reliable map. It’s not just a suggestion; it’s essential for safety and enjoyment in this remote and pristine environment.
BWCAW maps are significantly more detailed than typical road maps. They focus on features vital for paddlers and hikers: waterways, portages, campsites, and terrain. Typically, maps are topographic, displaying elevation changes through contour lines. This helps gauge the difficulty of portages and understand the watershed.
One of the most important elements is the network of lakes and rivers. The map identifies these waterways, often including their names and connections. Knowing the specific lake or river you’re on is crucial for navigation and referencing other information. Understanding how they connect via portages allows you to plan your route effectively.
Portages, the overland paths connecting waterways, are clearly marked, showing their approximate length and often, their difficulty. Portage length is usually indicated in rods (a historical unit of measurement, with 1 rod equaling 16.5 feet). Knowing the portage length is vital to estimate travel time and plan for physical exertion.
Campsites are another key feature. BWCAW campsites are designated and require permits for use. The map will show the location of these sites, often indicated by a small symbol. Remember that campsites are first-come, first-served, even with a permit. A good map will help you identify alternate camping locations if your initial choice is occupied.
Beyond these primary features, the map will also provide information about elevation, trails (if applicable), ranger stations, entry points, and permit areas. Entry points are designated locations where you can begin your BWCAW journey. Each entry point requires a permit, and the map will indicate which permit area corresponds to each entry point. This is essential information for securing the correct permits.
Understanding map symbols is paramount. A legend, usually located in a corner of the map, explains all the symbols used, including those for different types of terrain, facilities, and hazards. Taking time to familiarize yourself with the legend before your trip is crucial.
Several reliable map options exist, including those published by Fisher Maps and McKenzie Maps. Many outfitters also offer their own maps, sometimes customized with local knowledge. Consider bringing multiple maps, including a waterproof version, as a backup.
Finally, remember that a map is just one tool. Supplement your map reading skills with a compass or GPS device and the knowledge to use them effectively. Learn to read the landscape and understand the natural signs. Combine these skills with a reliable map, and you’ll be well-equipped to navigate and enjoy the magnificent Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness safely.
